Agriculture Commodities

Grains & Cereals

Prime	Intermediary
Wheat, Rice, Corn, Barley, Oats, Sorghum, Millet, Rye, Quinoa, Buckwheat	Flour, Bran, Malt, Grits, Starch, Semolina

• Supply Chain: Farm → Storage → Mill → Trade → Distribution → Retail
• Trade Routes: US, Russia, EU, Australia → ME, Africa, Asia
• Production: US, China, Russia, India, Brazil, France
• Consumption: Asia, Africa, EU, Americas
• Logistics: Bulk shipping, rail, silo, truck, container
• Grades/Quality: Protein, moisture, test weight, impurity, origin
• Chemical/Ingredient: Starch, protein, gluten, micronutrients
• Physical Trading: Spot, forward, exchange contracts
• Paper Trading: Futures, options (CBOT, CME)
• Pricing Influences: Weather, yield, policy, shipping, FX rates

Oilseeds & Derived Oils

Prime	Intermediary
Soybeans, Sunflower, Rapeseed, Canola, Palm, Groundnut, Sesame, Cottonseed, Linseed	Soy Oil, Palm Oil, Meal, Lecithin, Margarine

• Supply Chain: Farm → Crushing → Extraction → Refining → Packing → Distribution
• Trade Routes: Brazil, US → China, EU, India
• Production: Brazil, US, Argentina, Ukraine, India
• Consumption: China, EU, India, ME, Africa
• Logistics: Tanker, bulk, container
• Grades: Oil content, color, FFA, contamination
• Chemical/Ingredient: Fatty acids, protein, fiber
• Physical Trading: Spot, FOB/CIF
• Paper Trading: ICE, DCE, CBOT contracts
• Pricing: Crop, demand, inventory, transport

Softs, Spices, Plantation & Fruits

Prime	Intermediary
Coffee, Cocoa, Sugar, Tea, Pepper, Vanilla, Rubber, Citrus, Banana, Apple, Potato, Tomato	Instant Coffee, Cocoa Liquor, Refined Sugar, Tea Blends, Juices, Latex Sheets

• Supply Chain: Cultivation → Primary Processing → Packaging → Trade
• Production: Brazil, Ivory Coast, India, China, Vietnam, Colombia
• Consumption: EU, USA, Asia
• Logistics: Container, warehouse, reefer, air freight
• Grades: Physical quality, bean size, sugar color
• Chemical: Alkaloids, oils, sugars, vitamins

Energy Commodities

Oils, Gas & Biofuels

Prime	Intermediary
Crude Oil (Brent, WTI, Dubai), Natural Gas, LNG, LPG, Ethanol, Biofuel, Methanol, Hydrogen	Gasoline, Diesel, Jet/Kerosene, Propane, Butane, Fuel Oil, Additives

• Supply Chain: Extraction → Pipeline/Tanker → Refining → Distribution
• Trade Routes: ME, Russia, US, Qatar → EU, Asia, Americas
• Production: Saudi Arabia, Russia, US, China, Iran
• Consumption: US, China, India, EU
• Logistics: Tankers, pipeline, bulk, rail
• Grades: API gravity, sulfur, octane, purity
• Chemical: Hydrocarbon composition, ethanol %
• Physical Trading: Oil terminals, refineries, exchange stores
• Paper Trading: NYMEX, ICE, TOCOM contracts
• Pricing: OPEC policy, inventory, season, geopolitics

Coal, Nuclear & Renewables

Prime	Intermediary
Coal (Thermal, Metallurgical), Uranium, Solar Silicon, Wind Turbines, Hydropower Credit	Coke, Anthracite, Uranium Oxide, Silicon Ingot

• Supply Chain: Mining → Washing → Shipment → Power → Carbon Credits
• Production: China, India, Australia, Kazakhstan
• Consumption: China, US, EU, India
• Logistics: Bulk ships, rail, containers
• Grades: Energy value, purity, carbon/silicon content
• Physical Trading: Spot/contract, power exchanges
• Paper Trading: ICE, NYMEX, REC credits

Metals

Precious & Industrial

Prime	Intermediary
Gold, Silver, Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium, Iridium	Bullion, Jewelry, Alloys, Catalysts

• Supply Chain: Mining → Refining → Trade → Fabrication
• Production: China, Russia, South Africa, Peru
• Consumption: India, US, China, EU
• Grades: Purity, hallmark, type
• Chemical: Au, Ag, Pt, Pd
• Physical Trading: Vault trade, refinery, exchange stores
• Paper Trading: COMEX, LBMA, MCX
• Pricing: Inflation, rates, demand, jewelry

Base, Minor & Battery Metals

Prime	Intermediary
Copper, Aluminum, Zinc, Nickel, Lead, Tin, Iron Ore, Steel, Lithium, Cobalt, Graphite, Manganese, Vanadium, Magnesium	Cathodes, Ingots, Rods, Sheets, Wire, Alloys, Battery Chemicals

• Supply Chain: Mining → Smelting → Refining → Trade → Manufacturing
• Grades: Purity %, form, origin
• Chemical: By metal formula/spec
• Physical Trading: Warehouse, exchange, mill contracts
• Paper Trading: LME, SHFE, CME

Livestock & Animal Products

Meats, Dairy & Derivatives

Prime	Intermediary
Beef,Chicken, Sheep, Goat, Fish, Milk, Cream, Butter, Yogurt, Eggs, Hide, Wool, Down, Feathers	Processed Meat, Cheese, Whey, Skim Milk, Gelatin, Egg Powder, Leather, Woven Wool

• Supply Chain: Farm → Processor → Export/Market → Refrigerated Chain
• Production: US, Brazil, EU, New Zealand, India, China
• Grades: Sanitary, cut spec, fat %, pasteurization
• Chemical: Protein, fat, micronutrients
• Physical Trading: Auction, contract, retail
• Paper Trading: CME futures, exchange

Forest Products

Timber, Paper & Natural Rubber

Prime	Intermediary
Logs, Lumber, Veneer, Bamboo, Latex, Gum, Rubber, Pulp, Paper	Chipboard, Fiberboard, MDF, Boards, Processed Rubber, Vulcanized, Compounds

• Supply Chain: Harvest → Sawmill → Processing → Trade → End Use
• Production: Canada, Russia, Brazil, China, Thailand, Indonesia
• Grades: Species, density, finish, impurities
• Physical Trading: Mill contract, auction, exchange

Fiber Commodities

Textiles & Natural Fiber

Prime	Intermediary
Cotton, Wool, Flax, Jute, Hemp, Silk, Sisal	Yarn, Thread, Fabric, Felt, Cloth, Ropes

• Supply Chain: Farm/Shearing → Ginning/Spinning → Weaving → Trade
• Production: China, US, India, Pakistan, Turkey
• Grades: Staple length, micronaire, strength, cleanliness
• Chemical: Cellulose, protein, wax, oils
• Physical Trading: Mill delivery, futures, auction

Other Commodities

Chemicals, Fertilizers & Environmental Credits

Prime	Intermediary
Urea, Phosphate, Potash, Ammonia, Sulfur, Methanol, Ethylene, Water Rights, Carbon Credits	Fertilizer Mix, Plastics, Resins, Offset Bundles, Emission Reductions

• Supply Chain: Refining → Chemical Plant → Trade → Industry
• Production: ME, China, US, EU, Australia
• Grades: Purity, certification, blends